*ҚАЗАҚ, ОРЫС ЖӘНЕ АҒЫЛШЫН ДИСКУРСЫНДАҒЫ ГЕНЕРАТИВТІ СЕМАНТИКА: САЛЫСТЫРМАЛЫ-ТИПОЛОГИЯЛЫҚ ТАЛДАУ

Abstract

The study is devoted to the analysis of the expression of deep semantic structure in discourse materials in Kazakh, Russian and English. It emphasizes communicative and pragmatic aspects of generative semantics, relations between explicit and implicit links, and the distribution of retrospection and syntactic parallelism in the three languages. The data set contains 120 fragments of texts from open electronic corpora, 40 fragments for each language. Morphological, syntactic, lexical, and semantic analyses were combined with comparative and statistical procedures. Two independent experts coded the material, and inter-coder agreement was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa, which reached κ=0.84. The relationship between language and types of discourse organization was tested using Pearson’s chi-square test, while the strength of association was measured with Cramer’s V. The findings indicate that the implicit model prevailed in 67.5 percent of the Kazakh texts, whereas the explicit model occurred in 77.5 percent of the English texts. Russian displayed a mixed pattern of discourse organization. Retrospective structures appeared at similar rates in all three languages, but syntactic parallelism was more common in Russian texts. The paper presents a typological-discursive balance index for summarizing the relation between explicit and implicit models. The results shed light on the relationship between discourse organization and language typology and contribute to the description of generative semantics at the level of coherent text.