АБАЙ ШЫҒАРМАЛАРЫНДАҒЫ «Е» КӨМЕКШІ ЕТІСТІГІНІҢ ЭВОЛЮЦИЯСЫ

Abstract

The study of the creative heritage of Abai, recognized as a great thinker and poet of mankind, always remains relevant. For the first time in the comparative aspect, the article examines the scope of the auxiliary verb "e" in the linguistic pattern of Abai's works. In the Kazakh language, words denoting movement, action and process are traditionally divided into main and auxiliary verbs. However, in the linguistic literature, they are usually considered as a single category of complex verbs that primarily perform the function of a predicate. In addition, their semantic role is often limited to expressing grammatical categories of tense, mood, and face. However, the pragmatic features of the Abai language indicate that the activity of the auxiliary verb " e" is not limited to traditional grammatical concepts, the scope of its use is significantly expanding and acquiring new functionality. If we consider that the poet used only one auxiliary verb "e" more than a thousand times in almost thirty different forms, it becomes obvious that there is a wealth of material to substantiate the conclusions put forward in the article with specific linguistic facts. The data obtained demonstrate the high functional potential of this linguistic unit, as well as its multidimensional role in the organization of meaning and the formation of the textual structure of Abai's works.                                                   

The article aims to reveal the evolution of the auxiliary verb "e" from the perspective of complex comparativism, considering it in the context of Abai anthropologism and in connection with several fundamental interdisciplinary scientific directions. To achieve this goal, the author's individual (idiostylistic) and general characteristics of the auxiliary verb "e" are compared, which makes it possible to identify the features of its functioning and development.Individual poetic texts of Abai were chosen as the object of analysis, which are considered in comparison with the works of various historical periods. In the course of the research, the features of the poet's word usage in the structure of the text are analyzed, as well as the semantic meanings of the concepts presented in the content of the poems are clarified and revealed.                                              

The article was guided by the conclusions of Turkologists and linguists. It is known that studying the use of figures of speech in the poet's poetry opens the way to analysis and conclusions based on determining his originality and expressiveness.